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The researchers compared the foot length and ankle positions of eight sprinters with eight height-matched not-sprinters. You won’t be surprised to learn that the sprinters feet had different proportions than the non-sprinters. Archimedes invented a little tool called ‘the lever’ that explains this quite nicely. The amount of force needed to use a lever depends on its length and on the position of the fulcrum along that lever. A longer foot coupled with a shorter Achilles tendon gives sprinters a mechanical advantage each time they push against the ground.
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